A child with cystic fibrosis should receive which type of diet?

• A. High-fat, high-carbohydrate
• B. High-calorie, high-protein
• C. High-calorie, high-carbohydrate
• D. High-carbohydrate, high-protein

Answer: (B)

Children with cystic fibrosis have higher energy needs because of the work of breathing and frequent infections, and many experience fat malabsorption due to pancreatic insufficiency. To support growth, tissue repair, and immune function, their diet should supply extra calories and adequate protein. Protein is especially important to preserve lean body mass and support growth in a child. While fats are a dense energy source, and fats may be malabsorbed without proper enzyme therapy, the overall goal is to ensure sufficient energy intake plus ample protein to promote healthy growth and development. A plan focused on high calories and high protein lessens the risk of undernutrition and supports immune responsiveness, which is crucial in CF.