Before placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus, to maintain the infant's nutritional status, which action is most appropriate?

• A. Feed the infant just before procedures
• B. Give the infant small, frequent feedings
• C. Feed the infant in a horizontal position
• D. Give large, less frequent feedings

Answer: (B)

Maintaining adequate nutrition in a vulnerable infant awaiting VP shunt placement is best supported by giving small, frequent feedings. Infants have a limited stomach capacity and high energy needs; feeding often in small amounts makes it easier to take in calories without becoming tired or overwhelmed, supports steady growth, and reduces the risk of regurgitation or aspiration during feeds. Feeding just before procedures increases the risk of aspiration when anesthesia starts, and giving large, infrequent meals can lead to poor intake and discomfort. While feeding in a horizontal position is common, it doesn’t specifically optimize nutritional status the way frequent, smaller feeds do.